Complete Physical & Chemical Property Parameter Comparison Chart of Industrial Fused Quartz Glass

 

 

Complete Physical & Chemical Property Parameter Comparison Chart of Industrial Fused Quartz Glass

This parameter sheet complies with GB/T 903-2019 national standard and ASTM C799 international standard. It covers synthetic fused quartz JGS1, electric fused natural quartz JGS2, flame fused quartz JGS3 and opaque milky quartz, providing reliable data for engineers, procurement technicians and equipment manufacturers to select proper quartz materials.

1. Basic Composition & Purity Parameters

Parameter Synthetic Fused Quartz (JGS1 UV Grade) Natural Electric Fused Quartz (JGS2 IR Grade) Flame Fused Quartz (JGS3 Far IR Grade) Opaque Milky Quartz (Industrial Heating Grade) Remarks
Main Component SiO₂ ≥ 99.999% SiO₂ ≥ 99.99% SiO₂ ≥ 99.995% SiO₂ ≥ 99.9% Synthetic quartz delivers the highest purity with minimum metal impurities
Purity Grade 6N 4N 5N 3N N stands for the number of "9" in purity value; 6N = 99.9999%
Total Impurity Content ≤10ppm ≤100ppm ≤50ppm ≤1000ppm Metal impurities directly affect high-temperature resistance and devitrification resistance
Production Process Vapor Phase Synthesis Arc Melting Hydrogen-Oxygen Flame Fusion Melting Foaming Manufacturing process determines core performance and production cost

2. Fundamental Physical Properties

Parameter Unit JGS1 Synthetic Quartz JGS2 Electric Fused Quartz JGS3 Flame Fused Quartz Opaque Milky Quartz Remarks
Density g/cm³ 2.201 2.203 2.202 2.0–2.1 Opaque quartz has lower density due to internal foaming structure
Mohs Hardness / 7 7 7 6.5 Harder than ordinary soda-lime glass with outstanding wear resistance
Elastic Modulus GPa 72 73 72.5 68 Determines deformation resistance under external force
Poisson’s Ratio / 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.16 Lateral deformation coefficient under axial load
Tensile Strength MPa 48 50 49 40 Ultimate tensile breaking strength
Compressive Strength MPa 1100 1150 1120 900 Compressive capacity far exceeds regular glass
Melting Point ℃ 1713 1713 1713 1710 Fused quartz is amorphous without fixed melting point; softening point at 1667℃

3. Thermal Properties (Core Index for High-Temperature Industrial Application)

Parameter Unit JGS1 JGS2 JGS3 Opaque Milky Quartz Remarks
Max Continuous Operating Temp ℃ 1100 1200 1250 1100 Long-term service temperature; over-limit accelerates devitrification
Short-Term Peak Tolerance Temp ℃ 1300 1400 1450 1300 Instant temperature bearing limit, not for continuous use
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (20–1000℃) /℃ 5.2×10⁻⁷ 5.5×10⁻⁷ 5.4×10⁻⁷ 5.8×10⁻⁷ Ultra-low expansion enables excellent thermal shock resistance
Thermal Conductivity (20℃) W/(m·℃) 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.2 Thermal conductivity rises slightly at high temperature
Specific Heat Capacity (20℃) J/(g·℃) 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.73 Heat required for unit mass temperature rise
Thermal Shock Resistance ΔT ℃ ≥1100 ≥1000 ≥1050 ≥900 Maximum temperature difference without cracking under rapid heating & cooling
Devitrification Threshold Temp ℃ 1200 1300 1350 1200 Devitrification occurs rapidly above this temperature and degrades performance

4. Optical Properties (For UV, Laser & Optical Instrument Selection)

Parameter Unit JGS1 JGS2 JGS3 Opaque Milky Quartz Remarks
UV Transmission Band nm 185–400 220–400 250–400 No UV transmission JGS1 deep UV grade for ozone-free UV lamp applications
Max UV Transmittance (254nm, 10mm sample) % 93 85 70 0 Key index for UV curing & disinfection equipment
Visible Light Transmission Band nm 400–700 400–700 400–700 Semi-opaque / Opaque Clear quartz visible transmittance ≥90%
Infrared Transmission Band nm 700–2500 700–3500 700–4500 Full IR radiation JGS3 features the best far-infrared transmittance
Max IR Transmittance (2000nm, 10mm sample) % 92 93 94 0 Core data for infrared optical windows
Infrared Emissivity % 10 15 20 60–70 Opaque quartz owns top infrared radiation efficiency for heating tubes
Refractive Index (589nm) / 1.4585 1.4587 1.4586 — Basic parameter for optical lens design
Abbe Number / 67.8 67.5 67.6 — Dispersion coefficient for precision optical components

5. Chemical Resistance Properties (For Corrosive Working Conditions)

Test Item Test Condition JGS1 JGS2 JGS3 Opaque Milky Quartz Remarks
Water Resistance 100℃ deionized water, 24h 0.001mg/cm² 0.001mg/cm² 0.001mg/cm² 0.002mg/cm² Barely reacts with water, excellent water stability
Acid Resistance 98% H₂SO₄, 100℃, 24h 0.002mg/cm² 0.002mg/cm² 0.002mg/cm² 0.003mg/cm² Resists most acids except HF and hot concentrated phosphoric acid
HF Resistance 40% HF, 25℃, 24h Dissolved Dissolved Dissolved Dissolved Hydrofluoric acid severely etches quartz; direct contact forbidden
Alkali Resistance 10% NaOH, 100℃, 24h 0.12mg/cm² 0.15mg/cm² 0.13mg/cm² 0.2mg/cm² Avoid long-term service under high-temperature strong alkali
Organic Solvent Compatibility Acetone, Ethanol & Others Fully Resistant Fully Resistant Fully Resistant Fully Resistant No chemical reaction with common organic solvents
Anti-Devitrification Performance 1200℃, 100h aging No Devitrification Slight Devitrification Minimal Devitrification Slight Devitrification Synthetic JGS1 delivers the strongest anti-devitrification capacity

6. Machining & Electrical Properties

Parameter Unit JGS1 JGS2 JGS3 Opaque Milky Quartz Remarks
Machinability / Excellent Excellent Excellent Good Supports CNC machining, drilling, polishing and fusion welding
Minimum Machinable Hole Diameter mm 0.1 0.2 0.15 0.5 Suitable for micro capillaries and precision tiny holes
Standard Machining Tolerance mm ±0.02 ±0.03 ±0.025 ±0.05 Ultra-precision processing reaches ±0.01mm
Surface Roughness (Optical Polished) nm Ra 0.5 Ra 1 Ra 0.8 — Premium optical polishing achieves Ra 0.2nm
Dielectric Constant (1MHz, 25℃) / 3.75 3.78 3.76 3.5 Stable insulation performance under high temperature
Dielectric Loss (1MHz, 25℃) ×10⁻⁴ 0.5 0.8 0.6 1.2 Ultra-low dielectric loss for high-frequency electronic equipment
Breakdown Voltage kV/mm 40 35 38 25 Maintains strong insulation strength at elevated temperatures

Material Selection Guide for Industrial Scenarios

  • Semiconductor & Deep UV Optical Equipment
    Choose JGS1 synthetic fused quartz. Its 6N ultra-high purity, low metal impurity and superior deep UV transmittance fit wafer manufacturing and UV lithography systems perfectly.
  • PV Sintering Furnace & Infrared Heating Equipment
    JGS2 electric fused quartz or opaque milky quartz are recommended. High infrared emissivity, stable high-temperature performance and balanced cost make them ideal for heating tubes and furnace accessories.
  • Far-Infrared Spectroscopy & High-Temp Observation Windows
    JGS3 flame fused quartz delivers the best far-infrared transmission and stronger devitrification resistance than electric fused quartz, matching far IR analytical instruments.
  • High-Temperature Corrosive Chemical Reactors
    High-purity synthetic quartz is preferred. Superior acid & alkali resistance prevents impurity precipitation and medium contamination under harsh corrosive conditions.
  • Precision Custom Special-Shaped Components
    Synthetic JGS1 and flame fused JGS3 feature lower internal stress and tighter dimensional tolerance control, effectively avoiding cracking after complex machining.

 

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